--**GURUNANAK
  ** 11 June 2011
  **
  **
  **
--**********************************

		#!/bin/ksh
		###################################################
		# Written By: Jason Thomas
		# Purpose: This script was written to show users how to develop their first script
		# May 1, 2008
		###################################################
		#Define Variables
		HOME="/home/jthomas" #Simple home directory
		DATE=$(date) # Set DATE equal to the output of running the shell command date
		HOSTNAME=$(hostname) # Set HOSTNAME equal to the output of the hostname command
		PASSWORD_FILE="/etc/passwd" # Set AIX password file path
		#Begin Code
		for username in $(cat $PASSWORD_FILE | cut -f1 -d:)
		do
		print $username
		done

		#Begin Code
		PASSWORD_FILE="/etc/passwd"
		ls –l $PASSWORD_FILE > /dev/null 2>&1
		if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
		print “$PASSWORD_FILE was not found"
		exit
		else
		for username in $(cat $PASSWORD_FILE | cut -f1 -d:)
		do
		print $username
		done
		fi
		
--**SENDMail
#!/usr/bin/ksh

export MAILTO="spam@ebay.com"
export SUBJECT="Report"
export BODY="/tmp/report.html"
export ATTACH="/tmp/sample.pdf"
(
 echo "To: $MAILTO"
 echo "Subject: $SUBJECT"
 echo "MIME-Version: 1.0"
 echo 'Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="-q1w2e3r4t5"'
 echo
 echo '---q1w2e3r4t5'
 echo "Content-Type: text/html"
 echo "Content-Disposition: inline"
 cat $BODY
 echo '---q1w2e3r4t5'
 echo 'Content-Type: application; name="'$(basename $ATTACH)'"'
 echo "Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64"
 echo 'Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="'$(basename $ATTACH)'"'
 uuencode --base64 $ATTACH $(basename $ATTACH)
 echo '---q1w2e3r4t5--'
) | /usr/sbin/sendmail $MAILTO

--**DOUBLERUN
	----prevent double run of script
	#! /bin/ksh

	typeset -i iProcNr="$$"       # our own process nr
	typeset    fPIDFile="/some/procfile.pid"

	if [ -f "$fPIDFile" ] ; then
	     print -u2 "ERROR: script already running, exiting."
	     exit 1
	else
	     print - "$iProcNr" > "$fPIDFile"
	fi
	
	.... here goes the rest of your code ....
	
	rm -f "$fPIDFile"
	exit 0
	
--**substring
#!/usr/bin/bash
name="Leonardo"
longitud=`expr length "$name"`
for i in $(seq 0 $longitud);
do
echo ${name:$i:1}
done


--**AIX io metrics
vmstat -Itw 2 4
iostat -DlT 2 4

--**DATE
--**Timestamp
--**TIME
	date "+%D"
	date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
	date "+%F %T"
	date "+%T"
	eval "$(date "+year=%Y month=%m day=%d hour=%H minute=%M second=%S")"
--**scriptname
	scriptname=${0##*/}
--**scriptpath	
	dir = $(dirname $0)
	----
	if [[ $0 != "/"* ]]; then
	   DIR=`pwd`/`dirname $0`
    else
        DIR=`dirname $0`
    fi 
	----
	__REAL_SCRIPTDIR=$( cd -P -- "$(dirname -- "$(command -v -- "$0")")" && pwd -P )
	
--**Links
	
	cd "$HOME/bin" &&
	for name in sleepy sneezy grumpy dopey
	do
	ln -s bashful "$name" ## you can leave out the -s option if you like
	done

--**ARRAY load from file

	IFS=$'\n' ## split on newlines, so each line is a separate element
	array=( $(cat "$kjv") )
	
--**CURSOR turn off

	## Turn off cursor
	printf "%s" "${CSI}?25l"

 	## Turn on
	printf "%s" "${CSI}0m"
	
--**scriptpath	
	dir = $(dirname $0)
	
	CURPATH=$( cd -P -- "$(dirname -- "$(command -v -- "$0")")" && pwd -P )

	if [[ $0 != "/"* ]]; then
	   DIR=`pwd`/`dirname $0`
    else
        DIR=`dirname $0`
    fi 

--**echo off input

		echo "enter something \c"
		stty -echo
		read something
		stty echo
		
--**case 

		case "$field" in
		"[tT][eE][sS][tT]) action1;;
		*) action2;;
		esac

--**uppercase

	tr "[:lower:]" "[:upper:]" < file 
	echo "my lowercase string" | tr "[:lower:]" "[:upper:]"
	echo "my lowercase string" | awk '{print toupper($0)}'


	
		#!/bin/ksh
		############ Using exec to do I/O on multiple files ############
		USAGE="usage : ex4.ksh file1 file2"
		if (($# != 2)) # this script needs 2 arguments
		then
			print "$USAGE"
			exit 1
		fi
		############ Both arguments must be readable regular files #####
		
		if [[ (-f $1) && (-f $2) && (-r $1) && (-r $2) ]]
		then								# use exec to open 4 files
			exec 3 <$1						# open $1 for input
			exec 4 <$2						# open $2 for input
			exec 5> match					# open file "match" for output
			exec 6> nomatch					# open file "nomatch" for output
		else								# if user enters bad arguments
			print "$USAGE"
			exit 2
		fi
		
		while read -u3 lineA				# read a line on descriptor 3
		do
			read -u4 lineB 					# read a line on descriptor 4
			if [ "$lineA" = "$lineB" ]
			then 							# send matching line to one file
				print -u5 "$lineA"
			else 							# send nonmatching lines to another
				print -u6 "$lineA; $lineB"
			fi
		done
		
		print "Done, today : $(date)"		# $(date) : output of 'date' command
		date_var=$(date)					# or put it in a variable
		print " I said $date_var"			# and print it...

		
		
--**menu
		echo "--------------- Menu select ----------"
		PS3="Enter your choice: "
		select menu_list in English francais quit
		do
		case $menu_list in
		English) print "Thank you";;
		francais) print "Merci.";;
		quit) break;;
		*) print " ????";;
		esac
		done
		
		
		
		
--**menu

		#!/bin/ksh
		trap "" 2
		
		if [ `/bin/who |/bin/grep "^$LOGNAME " |/bin/wc -l |/usr/bin/awk '
		{print $1}'` -lt "2" ]
		then
		ulimit -c 2
		while [ 1 ]
		do
		   tput clear
		   echo ""
		   echo "            ********************************************"
		   echo "             Promotion Administrator Menu"
		   echo "            ********************************************"
		   echo ""
		   echo "            1.  Prod Menu Screen"
		   echo ""
		   echo "            2.  Test Menu Screen"
		   echo ""
		   echo "            3.  Change Password"
		   echo ""
		   echo "            4.  System Messages"
		   echo ""
		   echo "            5.  Exit"
		   echo ""
		   echo "                Enter Choice : \c"
		   read choice
		   case $choice in
		        1) /usr/bin/goprod;;
		        2) /usr/bin/gotest ;;
		        3) /usr/bin/passch ;;
		        4) /usr/bin/sysmsg.sh ;;
		        5)
		      tput clear
		      echo "              *******************************************"
		      echo "                    Exit from System Completed."
		      echo "              *******************************************"
		      exit ;;
		        *) echo "\n                     Invalid Option" ;;
		   esac
		done
		else
		        echo "Too Many Login Attempts."
		        /usr/local/bin/excesslogins.sh
		        echo "Pausing 10 seconds before closing window"
		        sleep 10
		        exit
		fi

--**readchar
--**getchar

	keybd()
	{
	    key="${.sh.edchar}"
	}
	
	trap 'keybd' KEYBD
	while :
	do
	        read a
	done

	----
		trap ':'  HUP INT QUIT
		c=""
		while [ "$c" = "" ]
		do
		  # do c read, look previous dd or
		  echo -n "key:"
		  read -n 1 c 
		  # test it
		  case "$c" in
		    \001) ;; # ctrl-A
		    \003) ;; # ctrl-C
		  esac
		  # remove char ascii 01-04
		  c=$(echo "$c" | tr -d "[\001-\004]" )
		done
		
--**awk		
		awk ’ {for (i = 1; i<=NF ; i++)
		num[$i]++
		}
		END {for (word in num)
		print word, num[word]
		}
		’ $*	
	----length line longest
		awk ' { if ( length > L ) { L=length} }END{ print L}'	
	----length field longest
		awk '!len || length($1) > len {len=length($1);s=$1} END{print s, len}'	
		
--**Screen Size
	cols=$(tput cols)
	rows=$(tput lines)
	stty size | read rows cols
	
--**Locate
--**gotoxy
	tput cup 5 15 
	
--**string length
		expr length STRING

		${#myVar}
		
		echo nixcraft | awk ‘ { print length } ‘

--**string of chars
		
    N=100
    myvar=`seq 1 $N | sed 's/.*/./' | tr -d '\n'`

	head -c 16 < /dev/zero | tr '\0' '*' 	
	
	function myPrint { for i in `seq 1 $2`; do echo -n $1; done }
	myPrint <char> <number>	
	
	myvar=$(for i in {1..100};do printf "%s" "#";done;printf "\n")	
	
--**Arrow Keys

	# Antonio Macchi has a simpler alternative.
	
	#!/bin/bash
	
	while true
	do
	  read -sn1 a
	  test "$a" == `echo -en "\e"` || continue
	  read -sn1 a
	  test "$a" == "[" || continue
	  read -sn1 a
	  case "$a" in
	    A)  echo "up";;
	    B)  echo "down";;
	    C)  echo "right";;
	    D)  echo "left";;
	  esac
	done
	
--**keys
		
		key()
		{
		  local kp
		  ESC=$'\e'
		  _KEY=
		  read -d '' -sn1 _KEY
		  case $_KEY in
		    "$ESC")
		        while read -d '' -sn1 -t1 kp
		        do
		          _KEY=$_KEY$kp
		          case $kp in
		            [a-zA-NP-Z~]) break;;
		          esac
		        done
		    ;;
		  esac
		  printf -v "${1:-_KEY}" "%s" "$_KEY"
		}
		
		_key x
		
		case $x in
		  $'\e[15~') echo You have pressed F5 ;;
		esac
		
		
		case $x in
		  $'\e[11~' | $'\e[OP') key=F1 ;;
		  $'\e[12~' | $'\e[OQ') key=F2 ;;
		  $'\e[13~' | $'\e[OR') key=F3 ;;
		  $'\e[14~' | $'\e[OS') key=F4 ;;
		  $'\e[15~') key=F5 ;;
		  $'\e[16~') key=F6 ;;
		  $'\e[17~') key=F7 ;;
		  $'\e[18~') key=F8 ;;
		  $'\e[19~') key=F9 ;;
		  $'\e[20~') key=F10 ;;
		  $'\e[21~') key=F11 ;;
		  $'\e[22~') key=F12 ;;
		  $'\e[A' ) key=UP ;;
		  $'\e[B' ) key=DOWN ;;
		  $'\e[C' ) key=RIGHT ;;
		  $'\e[D' ) key=LEFT ;;
		  ?) key=$x ;;
		  *) key=??? ;;
		esac
		
		echo "You have pressed $key"
		

--**mailx

#!/bin/sh
#
# Purpose: Demonstrate how to send an email from UNIX using mailx.
############################################################


# Example 1 - Simple:
echo "This is the body."| mailx -s "mailx Test1" jsmith@abc.com


# Example 2 - Using Variables:
SUBJECT="mailx Test2"
EMAIL_ADDRESS="jsmith@abc.com"
BODY="This is the body of the message."

echo "$BODY" | mailx -s "$SUBJECT" "$EMAIL_ADDRESS"


# Example 3 - Attached File:
SUBJECT="mailx Test3"
EMAIL_ADDRESS="jsmith@abc.com"
BODY="This is the body of the message."
ATTACHED_FILE="/etc/hosts"

cat "$ATTACHED_FILE" | mailx -s "$SUBJECT" "$EMAIL_ADDRESS"


# Example 4 - Attached File to Windows Email:
SUBJECT="mailx Test4"
EMAIL_ADDRESS="jsmith@abc.com"
BODY="This is the body of the message."
ATTACHED_FILE_DIR="/etc/"
ATTACHED_FILE="hosts"
ATTACHED_FILE_AS="hosts.txt"

unix2dos "$ATTACHED_FILE_DIR$ATTACHED_FILE" > /tmp/"$ATTACHED_FILE_AS"
uuencode /tmp/"$ATTACHED_FILE_AS" /tmp/"$ATTACHED_FILE_AS" | mailx -s "$SUBJECT" "$EMAIL_ADDRESS"
rm /tmp/"$ATTACHED_FILE_AS"
 

 
--**pause

#! /usr/bin/ksh

function pause
{
typeset savesetting result
print -n "Hit any key to continue..."
savesetting=$(stty -g)
stty -icanon min 1 time 0
result=$(dd bs=1 count=1 2>/dev/null)
stty "$savesetting"
echo
}

##==============================================string "<char>" <num> 
##--echos the string of so many (<num>) characters ("<char>")
string() { printf "******************************************\
*************************************************************\
*************************************************************\
**************************" | head -c $2 | tr '*' "$1";}
##==============================================
##------------HP-UX has different head syntax - tail is good instead, or maybe cut
##==============================================
string() { printf "kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk" | tail -c $2 | tr 'k' "$1";}
string() { print "kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk" | cut -c1-$2 | tr 'k' "$1";}
##--------------------------------------------cut needs EOL

--**ASCII string to HEX string
	hxstr=$*
		while [[ ${#hxstr} -gt 0 ]]; do
			printf "${hxstr:0:1}"| od -An -t xC | tr ' ' '\0'| tr '\12' '\0'
			hxstr=${hxstr:1}
		done
		print
		
--**HexString to AscString (array)
	num=0
	while [[ ${#cmd[$num]} -gt 0 ]] do
		hxstr=${cmd[$num]};
		cmd[$num]=""
		while [[ ${#hxstr} -gt 0 ]]; do
			cmd[$num]=${cmd[$num]}$(printf "\x${hxstr:0:2}")
			hxstr=${hxstr:2}
		done
	    ((num+=1))
	done